Sultan Selim I pushes Ottoman Empire in control of Muslim World.
“Honorably anxious to deliver the nation and countries that groan beneath your yoke, we have resolved to lay aside our imperial ornaments, to put on our harness and coat of mail, to display our ever-victorious banner, to assemble our invincible armies, to draw the vengeful sword from the scabbard of our wrath, and to march with our trusty soldiers, whose sabres always inflict mortal wounds, and whose arrows could reach an enemy were he even in the constellation of Sagittarius.”- Selim I
Key information and Dates:
First Ottoman Sultan to take the title of Caliph of Islam
Born Oct 10, 1470
Death Sept 21, 1520 Turkey
Son of Bayezid of the Ottoman Empire and Ayse Gulbahar Hatun
Husband Hafsa Hatun
Father of Suleiman the Magnificent; Hatice Sultan; Hafsa Sultan; Sah Sultan; and Fatma Sultan
Brother of Seldzuka Sultan
Half brother of Sehzade Sehinsah; sultanzade Sultan; Hatice Sultan; Sehzade Ahmet; Gevhermuluk Sultan
Biography and Influence:
Born on October 1470 in Amasya. His father was Beyazid and his mother was Gulbahur Hatun. He ascended to the throne in 1512 and ruled the Ottoman Empire for 8 years until 1520. His nickname was Yavuz. He is known as an instirgator of large scale conquest and administrative consolidation in Asia that left the Ottomans dominant in the Middle East. Selim was the son of Bayezid II. He gained experience in administration while as the govonvernot of Trebizond and Semendra. Selim I was the ninth sultan in the Ottoman Empire best known as the sultan who expanded the empire to Coming to Syria, the Hejaz and Egypt. As well as raising the Ottomans to leadership of the Muslim world.
Coming to the throne in the wake of civil strife where he ahis brother and their father had been involved. Selim eliminated all potential claimant to the sultanate leaving his ablest son Suleyman as his heir. He turned eastward, where Ismaill founder of the Safavid dynasty in Iran, posed a political and ideological threat by espousing Shiism (second largest branch of Islam) as opposed to the Sunni of the Ottomans. Selim subdued the Kizilbash who were in an open revolt in Anatolia after which he launched a major campaign against Ismail who was severely defeated at the Batte of Chadiran on the eastern side of the Euphrates River. Selim turned than toward the Anatolian Kurdish and Turkmen principalities, which he incorporated into the Ottoman Empire.
For a year the new sultan was preoccupied with eliminating his brothers and nephews. After that he turned to consolidating Ottoman power in Anatolia which was threatened by religious attraction from Persia. In the fall of 15131 there were list prepare of Shiite heretics. 40, 0000 died and others were imprisoned or deported in the persecution that followed. August 1515 Turks encounter the Mamluk ruler of of Egypt a supporter of Ismael and defeated him in a brief battle north of Aleppo. The Levantine cities surrendered peacefully and Ottoman administrators to over. The New Egyptian sultan executed Selim’s ambassadors who were bearing offers of peace in exchange for acceptance of Turkish sovereignty, the Ottomans moved on Cairo which fell in Jan 1517.
En route to Egypt, Selim made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. In Cairo, the Sharif of Makkah presented Selim with the keys to the holy city, symbolically acknowledging Selims role as the leader of the Islamic world. Selim resurrected and assumed the title of caliph, which made him the spiritual and government ruler of the Muslim world Selim was preparing a conquest of Rhodes in the year of 1520 where in September 20, 1520 when he suddenly died apparently of cancer.
During his months in Cairo, Selim accepted voluntary submission of the Sharif of Mecca, which brought holy places under Ottoman control. Selim returned to Istanbul in July 1518. Skilled at administration as in military affairs, he subsequently devoted himself to government. On September 20, 1520, he suddenly died, apparently of cancer. Other than being known for being an excellent military strategist and fierce warrior. Selim is also known as a distinguished poet who wrote both Turkish and Persian verses and a patron of Islamic art and Literature .
Additional Information:
History:
http://www.geni.com/people/Selim-I-of-the-Ottoman-Empire/6000000008518541049
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Selim_I.aspx
http://www.geni.com/people/Selim-I-of-the-Ottoman-Empire/6000000008518541049
http://www.geni.com/people/Selim-I-of-the-Ottoman-Empire/6000000008518541049
http://www.ecusd7.org/ehs/ehsstaff/jparkin/Academics/Modern_World_History/Unit_1-Emergence_of_the_Modern_World/18-Empires_of_Asia/18-People_in_World_History-Selim_I.pdf
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Selim_I.aspx
http://www.britannica.com/biography/Selim-I
Video: Sultan Yuvuz Selim
